The 19th century monk Gregor Johann Mendel conducted simple hybridisation experiments and established a series of laws of inheritance. Which of the points listed below accurately reflect Mendel's laws?
1. Alternative forms of genetic characteristics can be inherited from parents.
2. Specific heritable factors or traits are inherited independently of other heritable factors.
3. Gametes are created by random segregation.
4. If one allele is dominant over another allele, the phenotype reflects the dominant allele.
5. Individuals with heritable traits more suited to the environment will have an increased chance of survival.
A) 4 and 5
B) 1, 2 and 3
C) 1 and 5
D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
E) All the statements are correct
IMAT 2023 · Question 32
Q32 - Mendelian and classical genetics
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The correct answer is D) 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Statements 1 to 4 are all Mendel: alleles inherited from parents and separating when gametes form (segregation), genes inherited independently (independent assortment), and a dominant allele masking a recessive one (dominance).
Statement 5 is natural selection, which is Darwin, not Mendel. So the answer is 1, 2, 3 and 4.
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