Which of the following compounds are structural isomers of hexanoic acid?
1. Ethyl butanoate, CH₃CH₂CH₂COOCH₂CH₃
2. Cyclohexane-1,2-diol
3. Hex-3-ene-2,5-diol, CH₃CH(OH)CH=CHCH(OH)CH₃
A) 1 only
B) 3 only
C) 1 and 2 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
E) 2 and 3 only
IMAT 2023 · Question 36
Q36 - Isomerism
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The correct answer is D) 1, 2 and 3.
Structural isomers have the same molecular formula. Hexanoic acid is C₆H₁₂O₂, so check each one:
Ethyl butanoate, CH₃CH₂CH₂COOCH₂CH₃: C₆H₁₂O₂
Cyclohexane-1,2-diol: the ring is C₆H₁₂, and swapping two H for two OH keeps it C₆H₁₂O₂
Hex-3-ene-2,5-diol: counting the H gives 12, so C₆H₁₂O₂
All three match. A faster way: hexanoic acid has one "unsaturation" (its C=O), and each of these has exactly one too (an ester C=O, a ring, a C=C).
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